Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung diseases (GOLD): time to act.
نویسنده
چکیده
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality throughout the world. In an effort to increase awareness of COPD and to develop consensus on scientific evidence for management and prevention of this disease, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) program was formed. A summary of the GOLD program is presented along with information about GOLD documents.
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Abbreviations: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES; Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, GOLD; metered dose inhalers, MDIs; dry powder inhalers, DPIs; tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα; forced vital capacity, FVC; forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FEV1 Citation: Loh CH, Ohar JA. Editorial: Personalization ...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics
دوره 15 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2001